Metal sash



' G. H. FORSYTH METAL SASH Filed Aug. 1. 1917 5 Sheets-Sheet l GEORGE E.FOBrSYIH, OF CHICAGO,

FFICE.

- ETAL SASH.

. 1 v Application filed August 1, 1917. perial No. 183,839. 7

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. FORSYTH, a citizen, of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal Sashes, of whichthe following is a specification.

The purpose of the invention is the provision in a metal sash ofconstructional fea- 'tures making for eificiency and economy, in-

cluding the providing of certain associated features which cooperatewith the sash and the sash opening to effectually seal the opening whenin closed position, and which over- 1 'come the difliculties heretoforeencountered in the manufacture and use of sash made of lighlt weightmetal such as brass and sheet stee The invention includes theutilization within the metal sash frame members of removable stiffeningfiller strips of wood or the like which serve as an interior anchoragefor the fastenings of the glazing beads, weather strips andsash'hardware, thus also permitting of the use of lighter weight metalthan" would otherwise be required; also the assemblage of such fillerstrips with the frame in a particularly simple and effective manner;also the employment of fillets overlying and protect-ing the glass atthe corners of the sash; also the protectionof theglass and frameffromthe entrance. of dirt and water back of the sash lockand lift; also thesealing of the sash within the sash opening by, means of weatherstripping efliciently assembled with the frame; and other interrelatedfeatures of construction which will hereinafter be apparent from thefollowing detailed description of certain embodiments 40. of theinvention based upon the accompanying illustrative drawin s. It will beunderstood, howcver, that the drawing and de-.

scription are exemplary only, and that they are to be taken in anillustrative rather than in an unnecessarily limiting sense.

In the drawings g Fi 1 is an elevation, partly insection and irokenaway'in their medial portlons, showing one .form of construction embody-0 in the invention;

' Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

- Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the'line 44 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section showing a modification of Fig. 2; I

Flg. 6, 6 and 7 are vertical sections showmodifications of Fig. 4;

glass backing strips shown in Figs. 2-and 8;

Fig. 10 is a front elevation, similar to Fig.

1, but illustrating a modification;

, Fig. 1'1 'is avertical section on 11-11 of Fig. 10; I

Fi 12 is a horizontal section on the line 12-12 of the ,Fig. 10;

the line i Fig. 13 is a vertical section on, the line 13-13 of Fig. 10;

Fig. 14 is a vertical section showing a modified form "ofconstruction;

Fig. 15 is a vertical section taken through a portion, of the lock andillustrating its form of attachment to the frame;

Fi 16 is a view similar to Figs. '1 and'lO but i ustrating a furthermodification;

Figs. 17,- "18 and 19 are cross-sectional views taken respectively onthe lines 17-17, 1818 and 19-19 of Fig. 16; and

' Fig. 20 is a vertical cross-section through the bottom rail showingahnodified form 'of cushion construction -and of assemblage.

Fig. 21 is a vertical section showing'a further modification of Fi 2.Having reference particifiarly to Figs. .1 to 4 inclusive, a hollow sashframe is. shown as com of a top rail 21, a bottom rail 22, an side railsor stiles 23. The rails are tubular in form, being closed along theirfor the screws by means of which the removable adj unctive sash elementssuch as glazand the adjacent endsof the stiles and ics ing beads,indicated at 26, are held in position, it being usual to employ machinemrews for this purpose although the thinness of the metal afiords aninsecure anchorage for the thread of the screw. An important feature ofthe present invention is the provision of interior filler members orstrips of wood or the like which constitute a firm anchorage for woodscrews 27 extending through the outer metal shell, or this filler may beof metal and serve as an anchorage for machine screws, or the anchoragemay (onsist of both wood and HlQtfllfOI both wood and machine screws. Itmust be evident that such interior anchorage members also serve toreinforce the thin walls of the rails and stiles against injury eitherof deflection or, indentation. lit is possible that in combination withsuch anchorage members such as metal that. other than screws may beemployed. Also it must be evident that such anchorage means may consistof small unitary portions of the sash elements themselves; also thatthese anchorage mem-, bers whether of strips or small members may becarried in lateral channels, slits or pockets in the rails and stiles,as well as in the interior thereof as shown in Fig. 21.

As herein shown, the filler strips 28 for for the sash. The fillermembers 31 and 32 of the rails 21 and 22 respectively have a plainsurface lying closely adjacent the outer shell portion of the rail inorder to support the same and adord anchorage for the ,screws 33 of thetop weather stripping 34a and the screws 35 of the lower sash cushion 136.

The filler members are inserted inthe manner following: The upper strip31 and the lower strip 32 are readily inserted from either sidetransveresly to the u per and lower ends of the stiles 23, the atterbeing 0 has previously stated. After the insertih n of .the' fillerstrips 31 and 32, the

. filler strips 28 are placed'in position and serve tolockthe strips 31and 32 against withdrawal, being themselves held inposition againstvertical displacement atthe upper and bottom edges of the rails andagainst lateral displacement by engagement with the weather stripping orthe bottom of the guide channels. They are additionally held in positionby means of the screws 27 of the removable glazing beads which areseated therein. a

A modification of the above described construction is illustrated inFigs. 5, 6 and 7, wherein the upper and lower rails, while renamestripping 37 (1F ig. 5) being carried direct- "along their outer edges,the upper weather 1y by the /filler strip 31 to which it is secured bythe screws 38, while sash cushions 39 and 40 (1F igs, 6 and 7) aredirectly secured to the filler strips 32 by means of the screws 41 and42 respectively. lln Fig. 6 the bottom of the filler strip 32ischannelled as indicated at 43, and preferably rectangular for thereception of a rib 44, preferably inclined, on the cushion 39., therelative arrangement of the groove and rib being such that the remainingmarginal base portions of the cushion will seat against the' rail basebefore the rib seats within the groove and for the further rea son thatbefore assemblage, as shown at 39*, 1F ig. 6, the margins of the strip39 are/upwardly inclined.-

lln Fig. 7 the cushion is, shown as haw ing a dove-tail portion 45 whichinterlocks with the in-turned edges 46 of the outer margin of the rail.

In each of he forms of construction shown in Figs. 4:, 6 and 7 a channelretaining stri or plate 47 is used whose edges are preferahly formed toforce the margins of cushion strips upwardly in close engagement withthe sash wall as well as forming an extensive bearing support for thescrews 35, 41 and 42. V

lit will be observed that in each of these figures. the toe 48 of thecushion will seat upon the window sill before the heel 49, the toehaving given to it during the downward movement of the sash an outwardsliding or rolling movement, during which-- the said toe adapts itselfto any variations in the window sill, while the ends of the toe enterinto and bear against the front walls oi the sash. guide grooves, at thetwo sides of the sash thus preventing the entrance oit dirt into the caralong the sill and at the corners of the sash. I V

The top weather stripping, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, consists of aflexible material overlaid by a metal strip, one of whose resilientedges tends to press the flexible strip 'into efifective engagement forweather exclusion. The metal strip is ofiset for stifiening purposes.Thishweather stripping is attached to the anchorage or ler members as bymeans of screws, passing through the sash shell in Fig. 2, and in thecase of Fig. 5 being coected directly to the wooden anchorage strip.

lln lFi 10 to 15 inclusive is shown a further mocation in which both therails and stiles are tubular in shape, Ming clomd along their outermargin. Herein openings are provided which aline with the interior railsand stiles as indicated at 51 and 52. The frame here" illustrated islikewise edly connected at the corners by in of L-shaped insert-s 53 andinteriorly rein; forced b metal members 54, but in this iu- J stance t emembers. 54 extend to the corners of the frame, being ofi'set neartheir, ends to enter within the L-inserts 53.

The manner of assembling the stile filler: members 55and rail fillermembers 56 is as follows: The right hand filler member of strip 55 isfirst inserted from above through the opening. 52; the upper and lowerfiller strips 56 are then inserted in the top and bottom stiles from theleft hand end through the openings 51; and

finally the left hand stile filler strips 55-is inserted from abovethrough the opening 52. The filler strip 55 last inserted serves "as akey by means of-which the outer filler strips are firmly held inposition and their dislocation prevented. .They cap serve as interioranchorages for the screws of the adjunctive sash elements, such as theremov- 'able glazing'beads, sash hardware, weather stripping, andcushions in the previous case.

Having reference to Fig. 12, the metal shell forming the stile is bentinwardly upon itself in order to provide a marginal, channel withinwhich to seat a wooden bearing strip 57 which may be planed in ordertoinsure proper fit of the sash within the window frame, and .to which.any side weather stripping may be readily attached, as in Fig. 18 orlike the top weather stripping 1n Fig. 5. The lower rails, also, may besimi' larly channeled on its lower edge, (Fig. 14) to form a seat for awood strip 58 which may be planted off and have direct contact with thewindow sill, or which may be provided with a groove for tongue andgroove connection with a cushion strip- 58, the members 58 being held inposition by screws 59 seated within the recesses 60, andthe cushionbeing attached to the, strip 58 by the retainin -strip 58 and the screws58. v

In igs. 16 to 21 inclusive is'shown a form of construction in which therails and stiles are joined together by means of screws 61 entering intothe L-shaped corner inserts.

Herein are also employed the interior metal reinforcements 62 extendingpreferably from end to end of the sash members with their end portionsentering within the L -shaped" corner inserts 63, without being ofi'setas in the former case. Wood filler stri s 64 and 65 are also used in therails an stiles to form an inneraanchorage for the'wooden screws of theremovable glazing beads, and for the weather strippin and sash cushionsThe interior metal rein orcing members 62 serve as an anchorage for themachine screws 67, likewise employed for holding the glazing bead andsash hardware in' place.

In order to. provide for a spring resistance or set-back to prevent theworking loose of the niachine screws, the reinforcing members mentbetween the parts.

62 are provided with springtong'ues 68 and with cupped portions 69 intowhich the ma- I chine screws are tapped. An appro riate form of lateralweather stripping 1s s own at 70 in Fig. 18, the same being attached toFor this purpose corner fillets or aprons '75 of thin spring metal areassociated with the permanent and removable glazing beads and the glasspacking strips 76, the same extending in a curved outline and caused toclosely a hug the twofaces of -the glass so 'as to prevent the entranceof dirt and moisture. Back of the sash lock 7 7 and the lift 78 thesecor-', ner aprons extend further into the field ofthe glass so as toprotect the same under-, neath the hardware as indicated at 79. As afurther protectien against the elements, to prevent the entrance of dirtback of the lock and lift at the corner of the frame, a rubber strip 80is let into the rear face of the lock plate and a similar rubber stripis let into the rear face'of the lift plate as indicated at '81, the edes of these rubber strips extending out to the curved contour of thelock and lift.

The aprons on the two sides of the glass may-be integral as indicated inFigs. 2 and 3 or it may be formed as two separate plates as indicated inFig. 8. In either case, the lateral pressure against'the two sides ofthe same, by means of the integral glazing bead 82 on the one hand andthe removable glazing bead 26 on the other, serves to hold the samesecurely, by spring pressure against the two sides of the glass. Vherethe corner fillet is of integral construction it is preferably providedwith a longitudinal groove 75 permitting transverse yielding of thefillet relatively to the glass and the rubber glazing packing. Theinwardly turned curvededges 75 ,of the fillets also afi'ord yieldingengagement with the glass. 0 In the lower. ortion of the separable sasillustrated ,in ig. 16 the fillets 7 5 are formed integral with the sashshell or frame .member's in the process-of manufacture;

whereas in the upper portion, the corresponding fillets 75 are separatefrom the sash members and secured thereto. In order to facilitatetheassemblin of the frame, theends of are slotted at 75 to effect slidableengage- Itwill be observed, Figs 2, 3,4, 8 9, 15 and 18 that the glasspacking strip- 16 has a peculiar cross-see- 5101181 configuration, thebase being longitudlnally grooved along its rear at 76 and havingreference to and dissembling the rail or stile,

provided with a corresponding interior rih 76.", the materialtherehetween hemg extra thick. It is also thickened and heveled alongits margin as indicated at 76 whereby an unusual amount-ofadjustahility'as relatedto variations in dimensions and thicess of glassis obtained, as well as particularly eficient cushioning and sealing ofthe glass K within'the'sash frame The thicker the glass rests upon aledge"85 exteng from the l the higher'will rise the edges of the ruhherpermanent head-82 towards the open part of the frame, It will also heohserved that from the le 85 the inner edge of the fre is heveledoutwardly and then inwardly asindicated at 86 and 87 (Figs. 5

and 9 for instance) {also that the heveled projection 87 terminatesshort of the plane of the ledge 85 ,so as not to interfere with ingstrip along said ledge 85. lt will also he noted that when theremovahleglazing head '29 is placed in position against the outermarginal portion of the glass and is drawn into securing position hymeans of screws 27, the outer wh of the head lies 7 upon theheveled face8 and its inner edge against the glazing strip 79 (Figs. t and 7). Thetightening of the screws 27 causes a diagonal movement of the glazinghead '26. The lower edge of the head in lFig. 7 overliesthe projection87 and serves as an effective water-shed to prevent the access ofmoisture to the interior of the glazing head, while in Fig. 4: the loweredge of the glazing head comes flush with the outer face of the sash andtherefore will not strike any projection.

The sashhardware such as the lock and lift are firmly secured inrelation to the sash hy means of screws 99 which may he machine screwstapped into the corner in= serts, or in the sash constructions shown inl igs. 19 and 19 tapped into the ends of the 1 interior reinforcingchannels as well asvinto the corner inserts, or they may he simply woodscrews Mandi .-zinto the interior wooden strips.

Male and female screws may he ployed asindicated in the lower portionsof the lock and lift plate of IF 1 and 4t, witha harrel 91 having hslightly l than the total thicess of the plate of the loch or lift thehead of the screw memher 92 overlying the said plate and serving to athe lateral removal of the glass and its glazpmher, the walls at thethreaded I f 1,512,d15

clamp the same firmly to the harrel memher. Integral studs 93 or 94carried by the lock or lift enter through the shell of the stiles andthe rails and extend into the interior inserts or reinforcements and insash constructions of Figs. 10 and 16 clear into the interior channelreinforcing memhers entering into the corner inserts form'- or lift andrelieving the sash shell from undue strain; as well as distributing thestra applied to the lock or lift generally throughout the corner andsash construction.

Having reference to Figs. 1 and 3 particularly, a sheet metal channelstrip 95 serves as a housing for a rack member 99 which cooperates withthe plunger, 97 of the lock. This rack memher is secured to the hase ofthe channel strip at intervals by means of spot welding. The channelstrip with the contained rack is then disposed within the gu de channel98 and secured therein hy means of the screws 99 which may pass throughhoth the channel strip 95 and rack 96. This constitutes a vei'y cheapand at lap each other at 199, where a suitable joint can he made in avarietypf ways 'as hy solder or other means, thestrength of said jointheing further increased hy the right hand supporting wall of the cornerinsert 191 and top cross wall of the reinforcing channel 192; The sashlock 77? is ing an interlocg attacent for the lock attached to the sashhy means of screws 99 and 103. The former is tapped into a lip 191? ofthe mg purposely flattened or so formedthat the part receiving the screwthread is spaced away from the adjacent wall of the rail, sothat u onthe screw 99 heing tightened up the e ort of the lip to spring hack intoits released position will frictionally prevent thescrew from hecom'ingloose. The screws 19% are tapped into depressions or pockets formedinthe interior reinforcing hole hemg spht to increase the spring actionof the same in preventing the screws 193 from hecog loose.

Fig 21 shows another construction of sash rail or stile in which theanchorage for the removahle 'a u head '29 consists of a strip 195carried normally in a groove or pochet 199 formed in the rail from whichthe said strip can he readily recorner rt 191, said lip he moved forre-drilling and re-tapping of the through said openin in combinationwith glazing bead screws in case any of the removable adjunctive sashelements, and sesame are twisted off, after which the strip curing meansfor said elements passing may be quickly reinserted into its retain.-through the rails and stiles into an anchoring groove for there-applicationv of the age within the filler members, i glazing bead,screws. It will be noted par- 7. A hollow sheet metal sash havingopenticularly that the strip can be removed and ings at the top in linewith the stiles and v attached to the same by means of'screws I claim:

1, In metal sash construction, autubular side the bead and serving asananchorage frame member, a wooden filler member disfor a removableglazing bead, said filler ings without disturbing the frame structure.

replaced without removing the sash from openings at one side in linewith the rails,

the window opening. The outer edge of the rails and stiles "beingotherwise tubular,

therail is formed with'a channel 107 adaptand" wood filler membersinsertableand reed to receive therein a wooden filler strip movablethroughsaid openings, in combi 108. The latter is held in position bytion with removable gigging beads, and semeans of a screw 109, which isscrewed into curing screws for said ds passing through the wooden fillerstrip 110 lying within the the rails and stiles into an anchorage withinsash rail. The wooden strip 108 serves as the filler members. ananchorage for a weather stripping 111 8. A hollow sheet metal sashhaving openings at the top in line with the stiles and 112. openings atone side in line with the rails, Referring a ain to Figs. 2, 3, 4, 8, 9,15 the rails and stiles being otherwise tubular, and 18 it will notedthat the glass groove and wood filler members insertable and' re-' inthe glass packing .or rubber glazing strip movable through saidopenings, in combinais provided with a centrally raised rib 7 6 $1011with removable glazin beads, weather on each side of which aredownwardly and strips and sash cushions, an securing, screws laterallyextending fillets 76 this raised for said elements passing through therails rib, especially when combined with opposite and stiles into ananchorage within the filler groove in the outer face of said wallafmembers. fords the maximum cushioning effect for 9. In metal sashconstruction, a hollow the glass, while the said fillets prevent theframe member including a permanent glasssharp edges of the glass fromcutting into retaining be d and g an x i r himthe rubber channel. v nelin the plane of the sash, a wooden filler member disposed within thechannel alongposed within said frame member and adaptmember insertableand removable/without ed for insertion and removal longitudinallydisturbing :the structure of theframe thereof without disturbing thestructure of member. the frame, and removable glass retaining 10. Abeads anchored through the frame member a frame formed to provideexterior channels in the filler member. at the top and bottom of thesash; filler in- 2. A hollow sheet metal sash having edge serts disposedwithin the channels and inopenin in communication with the railssertable and removable without disturbing and stiles interior, and"filler members inthe structure, and adjunctive sash elements sertableand removable through said opensecured in the filler inserts.

11. A hollow sheet metal sash comprising 3. A hollow sheet metal sashhaving edge a frame formed to provide exterior channels openings inlongitudinal alinement with the at the top and bottom, filler inserts ofwood rails and stiles, and filler members insertable dis sed within thechannels, and a weather and removable through said openings withstripand sash cushion secured in the filler out disturbing the framestructure. inserts respectively. H

4. A hollow sheet metal sash having open- 12.The'combination with asash, and its ings ,at the top in line with the stiles and g1 v open' atthe side in line with the rails, sash frame and overlying t e cornerarea of and fi er members insertable and removable the glass to protectand facilitate the Eleanthrou hsaidopenings. ing of thesame. Y

5. hollow heet metal sash havin open- 1 13. The combination with a sash,and its ings at the top in line with the sti es. ahd glass, of filletaprons-of resilient sheet metal at the sidein line with the rails,overlying the corner. area of the glass to and stiles beingotherwisetubular, protect and facilitate the cleaning of the and filler membersinsertable and removable same. through said openings. 14.

6. hollow sheet metal sash havin at the side in line with the rails,theglass to protect and facilitate the cleanor members insertable andremovable ing of the same, the outlinelof said aprons and of filletaprons se arate from the,

Thecombination with a. sash, and its i v open glass, of fillet apronsinserted between the 125 ings at the top in line with the sti es andsash andglass overlying the corner area of hollow sheet metal sashcomprising outwardly diverging planes.

strip of U-cross section havin connecting the vertical and horizontalglass, boundaries.

15. The combination with a sash, its glass,v and the sash hardware, offillet aprons be neath the hardware to protect and facili tate thecleaningiof the same, the said aprons of curved outline tangent to thevertical and horizontal glass boundaries and extending into the glassfield beyond the sash hardware, and means to press the outline of saidaprons against the glass surface.

16 A sash frame provided at the inner corner thereof with a transverselyyieldable cornermember adapted to accommodate itself to varyingthicknesses of glass.

17. A sash frame provided at the inner corner thereof with a cornerfillet adapted to enter the glass groove. in the sash and to exertspring pressure on the glass.

18. The combination with a sash including a fixed glazing bead and aglass seat, of a corner apron, of U-cros's section adapted to rest onthe seat and to receive the lass edge and to overlie the corner area 0the same to protect and facilitate the cleaningthereof, the edge of theapron being of curved outline tangent to the vertical and horizontalglass Mundaries, and removable glazing beads f or holding the cornerapron upohn the glass and the-whole within the sas 19. In a sash, ayielding glass packing the inner surface of its side walls incline tothe perpendicular. S

20. In a sash, a rubber glass packing stri of U-cross section having theinner an outer surfaces of itsside walls bounded by 21. In a sash, a.yielding glass-packing strip of Ll-cross section having anexteriorlygrooved and interiorly ribbed base.

channel 22. In a sash, a yielding glass-packing strip of U-cross sectionhaving an exteriorl grooved and interiorly ribbed base wit marginallythickened side Walls.

23. In a sash, a glass-packing strip of rubber having a U cross sectionwith an exteriorly grooved base and marginally thickenfl side walls.

2%. In a sash, a rubber glass-packing strip of U-cross section having anexteriorly grooved and interiorly ribbed base. with marginally thickenedside walls and outwar beveled edges.

25. The combination with a sash and its guide, of a resilient sashcushion having a eel and a toe portion separated by a longitudinalgroove, the cushion including heel and toe having a transverse dimension greater than the channel guide the too 1 cut away at the end of thecushion to enable bination with a removable edge 0 ,are

the latter to enter and travel within the channel guide. y y 7 .26. Thecombination with a sash, and its channel guide, of a resilient sashcushion having a heel and atoe portion separated by a longitudinalgroove, the cushion including heel and toe having a transverse dimensiongreater than the channel guide the toe arranged to bear on the windowsill substantially beneath the outer line of the sash and to overlie thesill in contact therewith in front of the sash. I

27. The combination with a sash, of a resilient sash cushion having aheel and a toe portion separated by a longitudinal groove, and anattaching strip disposed longitudinally of the cushion in the groove andhaving inclined marginal portions acting on the heel and toe portionslaterally.

28. The combination with a sash having a channel in its lower edge, outa resilient sash cushion seated within said channel and having aheel anda toe portion separated by a longitudinal groove, and an attaching stripdisposed longitudinally of the cushion in'the groove and having inclinedmarginal portions acting on the heel and toe portions laterally.

29. In; a sash the combination of a per manent laterally supportingglazing head, a

ledge transverse thereto for snpporting the glass edgewise, and amarginal rib, in comglazing bead adapted to cooperate with the rib alongthe inner edge of the sash.

30. In a sash,-the combination with a perrnanent glazing-bead, and, aglass-supporting ledge of a raised bearing along theinner I the sashadapted to cooperate in securely holding the glam in the frame saidbearing lying without the plane of said ledge whereby to permit theglass to be transversely introduced into the frame.

31'. In a sash the combination of a pen manent glazing head, the innerface of the sash member extending horizontally therefrom, across theplane of theglass to form a glass-supporting ledge and then inclinedoutwardly away from! the horizontal and then inwardly toa point short ofthe said horizontal, and a removable glazing bead arranged to seat alongone edge against the glass and along the other. edge againstthe innersurface ofthe last mentioned inclined portion of the sash face.

In witness whereof I have hereunto si ed mynarne in the witnesses.

\ GEQRGE H. FURSITH.

Wrtnemes:

Cnras. Nnvannn Cnoniwnnn,

Elem 1F. Nrnnn.

presence of two subscr i ing

